Overview
Quilting is the process of joining three fabric layers into one textile unit:
- Top layer – often a patchwork top
- Batting – usually polyester, cotton, or wool wadding
- Backing – the bottom fabric layer, often plain
The quilting stitches create decorative lines while also adding stability and structure to the finished piece.
Applications
- Traditional quilts and bedspreads
- Quilted garments (e.g. jackets, vests)
- Bags, pouches, table runners, wall hangings
- In-the-hoop projects using an embroidery machine
Quilting Techniques
- Straight-line quilting: simple lines using a sewing machine or by hand
- Free motion quilting: flowing, curved patterns with a free-motion presser foot
- Ruler work quilting: precise motifs created with acrylic quilting rulers
- Machine-guided quilting: built-in embroidery designs used for automatic quilting in embroidery machines
Machine vs. Hand Quilting
- Machine quilting is widely used and ideal for beginners
- Hand quilting is common in traditional or fine-detail projects
- Embroidery machine quilting is gaining popularity, especially for small blocks or ITH-style designs
Tips & Notes
- Use safety pins or spray adhesive to hold the layers in place
- Start quilting from the center and move outward to prevent puckering
- Stitch length depends on the technique and material – always test on scrap fabric first
Note: Quilting is often the next step after assembling a patchwork top – many quilters refer to the three-layer setup as a “quilt sandwich.”