Types of embroidery machines
- Home models: single- or multi-needle; some sewing machines can be upgraded with an embroidery module.
- Professional/industrial: multi-needle or multi-head machines with higher speed and automated processes. Suitable for complex and large-scale designs.
Key components of an embroidery machine
Embroidery head
The embroidery head is the core of the machine. It guides the needle movements and works in sync with the hoop, which is moved by stepper motors along the X and Y axis.
Industrial machines may have multiple heads, allowing the same design to be stitched on several items at once.
Number of needles
The needle count per head defines how many thread colors can be stitched without manual re-threading.
- Home machines: usually 1 needle
- Semi-professional machines: 4–10 needles
- Industrial machines: 12–15 needles or more
Each needle is threaded separately, so color changes can be carried out automatically.
Thread tension device
Thread tension is crucial for consistent stitch quality.
- Top thread tension is adjusted at the machine head.
- Bobbin thread tension is controlled at the bobbin case.
Only if both are balanced will the stitches form correctly. Incorrect tension leads to thread breaks, skipped stitches, or uneven embroidery results.
Workflow in short
Load embroidery file → hoop fabric with stabilizer → insert embroidery hoop → start → automatic or manual thread change.